Marijuana Addiction - 1162 Words

Becoming Addicted to Marijuana â€Å"Marijuana is the most commonly used drug illegal drug in the world.† (â€Å"What is Marijuana†, 2013). It has recently become legal in a couple states, and more states are sure to follow their lead in the upcoming months. People can make the argument that marijuana does not have any negative effects, but they are wrong. Becoming addicted to marijuana is easy, and it only opens up the door for you to try other harmful drugs once marijuana quits getting you high. You need to know the whole story, how people become addicted, the negative effects it has on your body and mind, and what you can do once someone you know has become addicted.†¦show more content†¦I constantly hear that weed does not harm you, this is false. â€Å"Marijuana contains more than four hundred known chemicals, including the same cancer-causing substances found in tobacco smoke†. (Alcohol vs. Marijuana, 2013). Let that sink in for a second, it has fo ur hundred known chemicals in it that does not sound healthy for you. I also found out that â€Å" It has been found that consuming one joint gives as much exposure to cancer-producing chemicals as smoking five cigarettes†. (What is Marijuana, 2013). One joint is the equivalent as smoking five cigarettes, but weed is harmless, I think not. Marijuana also affects your mind to where you cannot remember things. Marijuana smokers do not have the same ability to remember and organize information compared to people who do not smoke. Becoming addicted to drugs is a tragic thing to happen to anybody. These people need help as soon as possible, because doing drugs can kill you, whether from overdose or having a fatal accident while they are high. Thankfully there are many things that can be done to help drug addicts. Supporting them is key, â€Å" Recovering from drug addiction is much easier when you have people you can lean on for encouragement, comfort, and guidance†. (Robin son, Smith, Saison, 2013). The first thing that you should is to speak up, and tell them your concerns about them. You need to avoid being judgmental, because becoming an addict can happenShow MoreRelatedConsequences of Addiction to Marijuana781 Words   |  3 Pagesthe use of marijuana range in a variety of physical, psychological, social, and even financial burdens. People who become addicted to marijuana often find themselves experiencing consequences in all these categories. Consequences and effects in one area often lead to more consequences and down falls in another. Physical can lead to psychological. Psychological can lead to social. Social can lead to financial. The burdens and hard consequences of marijuana use are all connected. Marijuana can be smokedRead MoreEssay on Marijuana Addiction in Adolescents630 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Marijuana Addiction in Adolescents Marijuana is one of the most commonly used drugs in the Nation and the world. In an article by Gray (2007) he states that â€Å"42% of high school seniors have tried marijuana, 18% have used it in the past 30 days, and 5% use it daily. Among adolescents aged 12 to 17, 3.6% met criteria for cannabis use disorder (abuse or dependence) and 2% met criteria for cannabis dependence†. Gray (2007) also explains how easily adolescents say it isRead MoreMarijuana Addiction Is The State Of Being Dependent Of A Substance Or Item814 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana Addiction Addiction is the state of being dependent of a substance or item. In this case the drug marijuana which is also known as weed, pot, and cannabis has the capability to become addictive. â€Å"In the Americas, cannabis extract was a popular medicinal drug in the 1800s. But in the 1900s, the tide began to turn against the drug† (â€Å"Marijuana: Facts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). It then proceeded in being banned in some states till it eventually became illegal. What Marijuana does is affect the brain through theRead MoreThe Addiction to Marijuana1533 Words   |  7 PagesIn the United States, marijuana is being categorized as a Class A Drug, but in reality marijuana has been known to help cure and fight many sicknesses and diseases. Marijuana is being criticized by people that never studied the drug or even know about the medicinal benefits from the drug. Over the years, marijuana has been called a gateway drug to harder narcotics, but this isn’t the case. Marijuana has many medici nal benefits that the media and government avoid releasing to the society but itsRead MoreMarijuana Addiction : The Effects On Mind, Body, And Nation1326 Words   |  6 PagesCannabis Addiction: The Effects on Mind, Body, and Nation Treating Americans who have a marijuana addiction has now become a further complex problem than previous American cultures have ever experienced. Studies have now concluded that Americans start smoking and consuming at a much younger age than previous generations, and adults continue using well into their thirties and forties. Cannabis consumption can pose many health risks to not only the consumer, but also America as a nation. There areRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Marijuana Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana or Cannabis is one of the bused drugs in America and the rest of the world. Interesting accumulating evidence show that the significant negative impact of this drug outweighs the positive effects. However, the medical benefits of the drug seem on the process of chemical compounds as compared to the drug itself. Medical debates show that chemical compound in marijuana are the problem as compared to the plant. The said chemical compound affects the mental an d physical health of the personsRead MoreRunning Head : Legalize Marijuana1528 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: Legalize Marijuana Pro-Legalization of Marijuana in California Mirna Abujudeh CSUSB Mary Dolan PSYCH 105 T/R Intaking Marijuana for Medical Purposes Should be Legal for the Sick and Ill in California Marijuana has been achieving euphoria for humans since ancient times; the use spread from China to India and then to North Africa and Europe as early as A.D. 500. Cannabis is said to contain over 400 different chemicals, the main ingredient that impinge the mind is THC. TheRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Marijuana Legalization1226 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Marijuana? According to Dictionary.com, Marijuana is, â€Å"a preparation made from the dried flower clusters and leaves of the cannabis plant, usually smoked or eaten to induce euphoria†(marijuana). Marijuana, also known as â€Å"Mary Jane†, is drawn out to be an extremely horrible, life-ruining drug. Children learn that marijuana is a â€Å"gateway† drug and that it only does harm. Though it can be quite addictive, Marijuana is safer than commonly used drugs like Tobacco and could possibly be moreRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pages Legalization of Marijuana Marijuana is not a recent discovery, but the mysteries surrounding the controversial topic in question remains to be disputed since its prohibition. Classified as an illegal substance, cannabis has been restricted in Canada and around the world. Marijuana is a complex drug and its contradictory claims of medical purposes, and harmful destruction, fuel the debate on whether or not the legal constraints of consuming marijuana should be reconsidered. In consideration of academicRead MoreColorado Legalization And The Netherlands Drug Policy3808 Words   |  16 PagesMonmouth University Abstract The purpose of this paper is to discuss the legalization of marijuana in Colorado as well as the Netherlands drug policy. It has been found that even though Colorado has legalized marijuana, there are provisions that must be followed. The Netherlands however have not legalized marijuana, but they do feel that seeing possession of marijuana is not a crime, so therefore marijuana is tolerated. Colorado’s society does not agree with this legalization due to adolescent use

Views, Values and Contexts Essay on Jane Eyre - 1072 Words

Jane Eyre is primarily a critique of social elitism. Discuss. Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s novel, Jane Eyre was produced in the Victorian era, when social elitism was in its prime and there was great segregation between the upper and lower estates. The former was composed of the clergy and nobility and was defined by wealth, privileges and lavish lifestyles. The middle class, conversely, were the most frustrated by the exclusiveness of the upper estate. Possessing skill, intelligence and assertiveness, they believed that rank and power should derive from talent and merit, rather than from noble birth. Through the demonisation and infliction of a tragic downfall upon â€Å"Master Reed†, Brontà « condemns the life of pleasure and honour, the lifelong†¦show more content†¦John Reed believes the aristocracy to be innately superior, with the right to subjugate lesser classes. Brontà « implements John Reed’s fleshiness and â€Å"sallowness† as a visual representation of tyranny, demonising the unvalidated preconceptio n that aristocrats may subordinate anyone hierarchically inferior to them. Additionally, John Reed’s physically repulsive appearance demonstrates his gluttony and constant pursuit of insatiable pleasures, foreshadowing him to become nothing more than a â€Å"dissipated young man† in future years, â€Å"ruin[ing] his health and his estate†, getting â€Å"into debt and into jail†, ultimately â€Å"kill[ing] himself†. By demonising and inflicting a tragic downfall upon John Reed, Brontà « exposes the vulgarity of the life of pleasure and honour sought by aristocrats, asserting that absence of virtuous activity results in absence of virtuous character. Brontà « therefore demands that the Victorian social structure be reformed, as the nobility are excessively privileged and insufficiently burdened. Furthermore, Brontà « champions the lower clergy and condemns the upper clergy, the former for their altruism and virtuous activity and the latter for their likeness to the nobility. Early on in the narrative, Jane discovers that her father was a clergyman who contracted the typhus fever while â€Å"among the poor†, and who her mother married despite the will of her friends and family, being â€Å"cut †¦ off without a shilling†. Jane backstory, for which Bessie and Miss AbbotShow MoreRelatedEssay about Jane Eyre Ap Question861 Words   |  4 PagesKwist AP English Literature and Composition Quinn April 1, 2013 Jane Eyre: AP Question Essay â€Å"Writers often highlight the values of a culture or a society by using characters who are alienated from that culture or society because of gender, race, or creed. Choose a play or novel in which such a character plays a significant role and show how that characters alienation reveals the surrounding societys assumptions and moral values.† Women who had no claim to wealth or beauty received the harshestRead MoreWide Sargasso Sea By Charlotte Bronte1989 Words   |  8 Pages Jean Rhys published her novel ‘Wide Sargasso Sea’. The story depicts the life of Antoinette Cosway, her marriage to a mysterious Englishman, and her eventual descent into madness. The story is a prequel to ‘Jane Ayre’ by Charlotte Brontà «, and gives the woman in the attic a voice. This essay looks at the use of narrative in ‘Wide Sargasso Sea’, and evaluates how this informs the interpreted meaning of the text. The style of the delivery of the plot is an important aspect of literature. The way inRead MoreBeing the Meat in the Sandwich: Implications of the double colonisation of empire and patriarchy by the female characters in Wide Sargasso Sea2201 Words   |  9 Pagescolonialist] assumptions, subverting the text for post-colonial purposes’. (Tiffin, 1987) Such a revolutionary literary project is evidently realised in Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys, a prequel that ‘writes back the centre’ of Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre (1847). Rhys is categorical about her conscious authorial intention: ‘I immediately thought Id write a story as it (the story of Bertha/Antoinette) might really have been.’ (Rhys, 1986) The novel revitalizes Bronte’s Bertha Mason, the madwoman inRead MoreWomen s Unequal Portrayal, And The Struggle For Identity Of Female Writers1777 Words   |  8 PagesIn this essay I will examine the ideas behind women’s unequal p ortrayal, and the struggle for identity of female writers. Before recently, most published writers were male, so representation was obviously one-sided. Literacy in the ancient worlds was limited anyway, and few that could write were female. Oral culture is undervalued, though, because folktales were predominantly passed down by women. Religion played a huge part in early misrepresentation. Plato laid the philosophical foundations forRead More The Bildungsroman Genre Essay4241 Words   |  17 Pagesfiction in the last two centuries has taken this form and, therefore, constitute part of the history of the novel in the world. Great Expectations (1860-1861), written by the English author Charles Dickens, and Emma (1926), by another English author, Jane Austen, can be analysed under this perspective. Througout Dickens’ novel, Pip, the main character, goes through many changes in his personality to eventually coming to terms with his own actions. Austen’s novel deals with a female character, Emma,Read MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pageswhich makes the protagonist leave on his journey. In a Bildungsroman, the goal is maturity, and the protagonist achieves it gradually and with difficulty. The genre often features a main conflict between the main character and societ y. Typically, the values of society are gradually accepted by the protagonist and he/she is ultimately accepted into society — the protagonist s mistakes and disappointments are over. In some works, the protagonist is able to reach out and help others after having achievedRead MoreStructuralism and Interpretation Ernest Hemingways Cat in Ther Ain9284 Words   |  38 PagesGreimas, Levi-Strauss, Todorov and Barthes, among others. Crucial to this tradition of enquiry are the ideas of function and transformation. In the theory of Greimas for instance, all narrative consists essentially of the transfer of an object or value from one actant to another. An actant performs a certain function in the story which may be classified as Subject or Object, Sender or Receiver, Helper or Opponent, and is involved in doing things which may be classified as performative (tests, strugglesRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagesmeasures—test scores and grades—wer e most important Ohio Wesleyan University Writing Center  © 2011 Page 1 and used the statement of purpose for borderline decisions. However, of liberal arts faculty who responded, approximately half valued the essays as much as other parts of the application package. ï‚ · Determine the importance of the mentor system. The importance of the statement of purpose increases, as Robert M. Brown notes, at institutions with strong mentoring programs ―because it is the only

War Propaganda Song Essay - 1626 Words

The songs from World War I range from dark humor to sarcastic attempts to bitter complaints about soldier’s lifestyles during war. Based on what I’ve heard and read, most of the lyrics are propaganda for young men to join the war. These songs usually portray the conditions of soldiers in the war in a good light. Another significant portion are love songs that soldiers sing to remind them of their wife that they left at home with their children. Finally, a very small portion is the the anti-war songs that are strictly prohibited in music halls, the most popular form of popular song, where music is played for the common folk who couldn’t afford their own gramophones. WAR PROPAGANDA SONGS Most of the songs that were written in the time of†¦show more content†¦ This song is sung from a prostitute’s point of view; basically, she is saying that she everyone that fights for the war makes her proud as a woman and she’d gladly sleep with anyone who does. The dark part of the song is that she lures in these unsuspecting men and makes them join the military when they think they are going to be able to get down with her and her other friends. One last example is Over There sung by Henry Burr: Johnnie, get your gun, get your gun, get your gun, Take it on the run, on the run, on the run, Hear them calling you and me, ev ry son of liberty Hurray right away, no delay, go today Make your Daddy glad to have had such a lad, Tell your sweetheart not to pine, to be proud her boy s in line The last two lines show the pride soldiers inspire in others when they fight in the war, making it very ideal for those who want to impress their parents and wives. Songs like these have had a huge impact on societies all over the world because it is a form of entertainment and people listen to songs to pass time. In turn, they get the song’s messages and apply for the military. Sarcastic Songs. A large portion of the propaganda songs are quite sarcastic in nature. Some tell warShow MoreRelatedThe Disregard Of Life During War1654 Words   |  7 PagesThe Disregard for Human Life during War Times The quality of life for soldiers of war has decreased and basic necessities are lost. The value of civilian lives is also lost in the disputes between two countries. An example of this is, â€Å"Something was being burned there. A truck drew close and unloaded its hold: small children. Babies! Yes, I did see this, with my own eyes†¦ children thrown into the flames† (Wiesel 33). The above quote from Night by Elie Wiesel represents the disregard of life andRead MoreWwii Homefront : Argument Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesWWII Homefront DBQ Argument Essay On December 7, 1941, the United States Of America decided to enter World War Two. On that same day, the Japanese had bombed Pearl Harbor which was the main reason the U.S. join the war. The day directly after that the U.S. join the Allied Powers which consisted of Britain, France, USSR, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, and Yugoslavia. With the U.S. at war, they needed a way to motivateRead MoreWwii Homefront : Argument Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesWWII Homefront DBQ Argument Essay On December 7, 1941, the United States Of America decided to enter World War Two. On that same day, the Japanese had bombed Pearl Harbor, which was the main reason the U.S. joined the war. The day directly after that, the U.S. join the Allied Powers which consisted of Britain, France, USSR, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, and Yugoslavia. With the U.S. at war, they needed a way to motivateRead MoreMovie Review: Oh What a Lovely War999 Words   |  4 PagesOh What a Lovely War: Oh what a lovely misrepresentation of history? The 1969 film Oh What a Lovely War is a British, anti-war satire created during the height of the anti-Vietnam sentiment in the U.S., which undoubtedly permeated the consciousness of British filmmakers. The film focuses on World War I, a war largely demonized as a pointless war that resulted in the death of Britains finest young men in senseless trench warfare. The generically-named Smith family is shown to embody the typicalRead MoreA Neutral America in the War in the Film Casablanca893 Words   |  4 PagesIn the film, â€Å"Casablanca†, it showed us that America was neutral in the war as Rick said, â€Å"I stick my neck out for nobody.† Rick is portrayed as America, although he seemed as if he was neutral he started to show that he was caving in for the underdog, just as America did when we started to get involved in the War. During the film when the Germans come into Rick’s cafà ©, Rick shows that he is aware of what is going on in the War, just as we Ameri cans knew about all the concentration camps. Also, whenRead More A German Perspective on World War Two Essay1618 Words   |  7 PagesA German Perspective on World War Two In Germany, they first came for the communists, and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a Jew. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a trade unionist. Then they came for the Catholics and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a Catholic. Then they came for me -- and by that time there was nobody left to speak up. -Martin Niemà ¶ller Read MoreThe Main Character And Hero Of This Play By Alexander Hamilton1746 Words   |  7 PagesFor our final group project we had to pick an ideological lens and apply it to a piece of text we had gone over as a class to create a screenplay. I’ve had the songs from Hamilton stuck in my head since the beginning of the semester when the musical was assigned so I thought it would be of good use to take what is already so prominent in my head and get creative with it. Hamilton is the main character and hero of this play, who is based off of Alexander Hamilton, one of America’s founding fathersRead MoreWho s For The Game?1531 Words   |  7 PagesWithin this essay, I will be comparing two very different poems; the propaganda and pro-establishment poem ‘Who’s for the game? written in 1916 by Jessie Pope which attempted to recruit men to the army by creating an unrealistic, glorified image of war and Dulce et decorum est written by Wilfred Owen in October 1917 which provides a horrific yet realistic insight into life as a solider. Within Who s for the game? , Pope uses various poetic devices to create a jovial, ebullient imageRead MorePoetry Of Witness By Wilfred Owen1352 Words   |  6 Pagesworld who endured conditions of social and historical extremity during the twentieth century—those who suffered wars, imprisonment, military occupation, house arrest, forced exile, and political repression†. In their writings, the poets show not only that they were present at certain events of intensity, but it also allows them to display their emotions and thoughts about said events. This essay will explain the term ‘Poetry of Witness’ in greater detail, using ‘Smile, Smile, Smile’ by Wilfred Owen asRead MorePigs Gain Power with Propaganda in George Orwells Animal Farm1747 Words   |  7 PagesPeople desire dominance; to fulfill their craving, manipulators use propagandic methods to maneuver and manage their audience’s mind. Propaganda is a communication method which crea tes certain feelings and motivates specific actions (Stults). In George Orwells’ Animal Farm, the animals of the farm plan on living in peaceful equality after overthrowing their human leaders, but the intelligent, cunning pigs seize the farm’s defenseless leadership. Orwell wrote Animal Farm as an allegorical â€Å"fairy story†

Church Proliferation in Nigeria Society - 4318 Words

International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 1 No. 15 [Special Issue – October 2011] ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF CHURCH PROLIFERATION: THE REDEEMED CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF GOD AS A CASE STUDY IBIYINKA OLUSOLA ADESANYA, PhD DEPARTMENT OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION UNIVERSITY OF ADO-EKITI ADO-EKITI, EKITI STATE NIGERIA Abstract The environmental effects of proliferation of churches continued to be a major concern to all and particularly those in the mainstream of environmental protection. So disturbing has it become that analysts begin to think of the need for a legal framework to tackle the menace. This paper appraised the extent of proliferation of churches with particular reference to The Redeemed Christian Church†¦show more content†¦Dimensions of Church Proliferation in Nigeria To an observant mind, the pace at which churches are spreading like a wildfire in Nigeria is alarming. In the country, there is freedom of worship, places of worship are full, pilgrimages are over-booked and there is evidence of religious fervour all over the places. 177 The Special Issue on Contemporary Research in Arts and Social Science  © Centre for Promoting Ideas, USA Many people were cashing in on the situation, as they launch new religious organisations and societies. There is evidence that many are just charlatans looking for a means of livelihood. Many are perhaps genuinely religious. But it is obvious that our society has not become upright. It certainly has not become peaceful. There have been and still many hot and cold wars in the name of religion. (Fayomi 1993:37). Churches are noted to be springing up at an alarming and unprecedented rate in all available spaces, shops and uncompleted buildings. Worship come up in warehouses, hotels, abandoned cinema buildings, studios and other public places. It is a common sight to see a minimum of fifty different churches on a street of four kilometres long. This may paint a terrible picture, but such is the present rate of church proliferation in the country. In a statement made by Ogidi, he categorically asserts that, â€Å"Nigeria is a country with easily the largest number of churches per capital in the world.†(Ogidi 1997:11). Fayomi also described Nigeria as â€Å"aShow MoreRelatedProliferation of Churches5300 Words   |  22 Pageseurojournals.com/ejsr.htm Proliferation of Churches: A Leeway to Commercialization of Religion Anthonia M. Essien Department of Religious and Cultural Studies Faculty of Arts, University of Uyo, Nigeria E-mail: eteyesma@yahoo.com Tel: +234(0)8033596961 Abstract This paper posits that religion has become a top bracket business in Nigeria. This is occasioned by the agglomeration of autonomous, non-centralized, independent and illegally established religious movements in Nigeria. This situation favoursRead MoreAfrican Catholic Church And The Church Of South Africa1608 Words   |  7 PagesLivingstone, and other representatives of the London Missionary Society (1817). They succeeded in establishing what is known today as the United Congregational Church in Southern Africa (UCCSA). Their arrival opened the missionary field to other churches namely the Dutch Reformed Church (1871), the Lutheran Church (1891), the Anglican Church (1900s), the Methodist Church (1940s), the Seventh Day Adventists (1922) the Roman Catholic Church (1928) and Pentecostal Churches (1930s). It should be no ted thatRead MoreThe Roles of Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (Namis) in the Development of Education in Oyo State: a Case Study of Namis, Egbeda Local Government Area Chapter7207 Words   |  29 Pages AFUSAT OMOBONIKE (MRS) (MATRICULATION NUMBER 04/060854) BEING A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ARTS SOCIAL SCIENCES, EMMANUEL ALAYANDE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, OYO. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF NIGERIA CERTIFICATE IN EDUCATION (N.C.E) JANUARY, 2009. CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this study was carried out by Shittu, Afusat Omobonike (Matriculation number 04/060854) in the Directorate of Sandwich Programmes of Emmanuel AlayandeRead MoreEffect of Ict on the Academic Performance of Students8894 Words   |  36 Pages2005). 2.1 History of the Nigeria Educational System An attempt to scrutinize the educational system in Nigeria would attract one into the definition of the term Education According to the oxford Advanced Learning’s Dictionary, Education is defined as a systematic training and instruction especially of the young in school’’ it further defines Education as knowledge and abilities development of character and mental power resulting from such training Honby (1948) Nigeria has experienced modern westernRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pages‘The Vanishing Newspaper’ †¦ †¢ Advent of tech has brought a radical change in the media industry †¢ No longer confined to reading news, watching television †¢ Click of mouse, people can access instantaneous info and news online †¢ Proliferation of online blogs and social networking sites such as Twitter threaten to make mainstream media a thing of the past †¢ But mainstream media adapting to suit the taste of consumers, still integral part of their lives Mainstream BAD: ComparativelyRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesin Africa and rejects the European values that have oppressed a society. But prior to the advent of popular culture and especially the music recording business in the late twentieth century, its apparatus of cultural formation was controlled fully by the elite who, to a large extent, ran the educational apparatus and the economic system. But much of the country was beginning to question in earnest the structure of colonial society by the early 1930s. The emergence of Rasta during that period correspondsRead MoreEffects of Corruption in the Phil.14311 Words   |  58 Pagesmore damage than petty corruption, this does not mean that nothing should be done to minimize petty corruption. But, whether grand or petty, both are considered evils of society and results to profound consequences that affect all of us. (Phil. Anti-Graft Commission) As one of the oldest and most perplexing phenomenon in human society, political corruption exist in every country in the contemporary world and it is not exclusively a problem of developing countries. The classical concept of corruptionRead Moreâ€Å"Implicit† and â€Å"Explicit† Csr: a Conceptual Framework for a Comparative Understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility13330 Words   |  54 PagesStates and Europe and, second, the recent rise of CSR in Europe. We also delineate the potential of our framework for application to other parts of the global economy. In this paper we address the question of why forms of business responsibility for society both differ among countries and change within them. We do so by comparative investigation of corporate social responsibility (CSR), historically and contemporarily, in the United States and in Europe.1 The paper is inspired by two commonplace observationsRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesLandscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New AmericanRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmachine Level 3: ‘Get the structure and systems right so that all is in balance’ Level 4: ‘The machine is alive! – well, almost’ How modernist organization theory underpins conventional understandings of the relationship between organizations and society Is bureaucracy immoral? Form fits function: how modernist organizational theory challenges the relationship between individuals, groups and the organization through bureaucracy and hierarchy The virtuous bureaucracy Modernist themes in organizational

Process 2 Essay Example For Students

Process 2 Essay Purchasing Power Parity and International Commodity ArbitrageForeign ExchangeForeign exchange refers to two different things. The first is currency claims expressed in the equivalent value in foreign money. The second is actual transactions involving the conversion of money of one country into that of another. Foreign exchange is necessary because different countries have different monetary units. One countrys currency typically cannot be used in another country. The determination of the price at which the currency of one country will be or should be exchanged for that of another country is the basis of this and many other essays and studies. Foreign exchange is a commodity, and its price fluctuates based on supply and demand, like any commodity. This is not the place for a complete discussion of supply and demand as relates to foreign exchange, but for our purposes, we will assume that supply of and demand for a countrys currency moves along with the supply of or demand for that countrys products or the products of its trading partners. For example, if one country buys many more goods from its neighbor than its neighbor buys from it, the balance of payments at the end of the year will cause its neighbors currency to be in great demand, thereby driving its price up. What in fact sets the exchange ratio between two currencies? Obviously supply and demand, but what causes supply and demand to set exchange rates at appropriate levels? With this question we begin the next section. What is Purchasing Power Parity?Perhaps the single most well known concept in foreign exchange theory is that of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). The basic idea of PPP is that currencies represent purchasing power over goods and services. Either the exchange rate or price levels adjust to keep purchasing power constant. For example, say a particular basket of goods sells for $2000 in America and 1000 GBP in Great Britain. According to PPP, the exchange rate of dollars to pounds should be 2:1. If it were not 2:1; if, for example only 1.5 dollars was needed to purchase 1 pound, an arbitrageur would buy the basket of goods for 1000 pounds ($1500) and resell them in America for $2000. He would continue to do this until currency traders realized that they were being underpaid for their pounds and started to charge two dollars each for them, or Americans realized that they were paying too much for these goods and became willing to pay only $1500 for them, or some combination of the two. Supply and demand forces acting both on Great British pounds and this basket of goods would set the price based on the fact that the same amount of money should buy the same amount of goods anywhere in the world (PPP). The increased demand for pounds (in order to purchase these goods) will push its price up relative to the dollar, and the increased supply of this basket of goods will push its price down, to the point where PPP is achieved. Expressed mathematically, that point is:P(i,t) = S(t) x P*(i,t), whereS(t) = the current exchange rate (the domestic price of foreign exchange)P(i,t) = the current domestic currency price of commodity iP*(i,t) = the current foreign currency price of commodity iAt its simplest formulation, PPP is also called the law of one price (LOP). This formulation contains several caveats. First, LOP assumes that there are no transaction costs involved in buying a commodity in one market and selling it in another. Obviously, in a situation involving substantial transaction costs relative to the cost of the commodity in question, LOP will be empirically meaningless. Second, for this formulation to hold true, there must no barriers to trade. This would include prohibitions, tariffs, taxes, and quotas. Lastly, and perhaps most obviously, is that we must be comparing homogeneous goods. .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 , .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .postImageUrl , .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 , .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404:hover , .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404:visited , .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404:active { border:0!important; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404:active , .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404 .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u617e29c4c1237cf282ba2bf5babbf404:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Teen suicide EssayThe absolute version of PPP hypothesizes a similar relationship, with the exception that it uses price levels instead of specific commodity prices. Mathematically, the absolute version of PPP can be expressed thus:P(t) = S(t) x P*(t),whereP(t) = the domestic price level in domestic currencyP*(t) = the foreign price level in foreign currencyIn reality though, price levels are certainly not calculated with any regularity. The cost and time to compute it would be prohibitive. Instead, countries typically calculate a variety of price indexes. Therefore, people do not make absolute PPP calculations, but rather relative ones, involving price index ratios instea d. Relative PPP calculations also compensate for the fact that two economies may not have the same composition of goods. Mathematically, the absolute version of PPP can be expressed thus:P(t+T) = S(t+T) x P*(t+T),where P(t) S(t)P(t)P(t) = an index of a subset of goods and services in domesticcurrencyP*(t) = an index of a subset of goods and services in foreign currencyt = some datet + T = some later dateRelative PPP can also be modified to include the effects of disparate rates of inflation on the exchange rate. That is, since P(t+T) = 1+ #61549; , where #61549; is the domestic rate of inflation and P*(t+T) = 1+ #61549;* where #61549;* is the foreign exchange rate, we can algebraically alter our previous equation to:S(t+T) = 1+#61549; S(t) 1+#61549;*This latest version of our equation says that the proportional appreciation or depreciation of the foreign currency depends on whether inflation is higher in, respectively, the domestic or the foreign country. The Real Exchange RateOften however, exchange rates do not move within the framework of PPP. The real exchange rate is the exchange rate when PPP does not hold. PPP calculations are used extensively when developing international trade and monetary policy. Central banks use them to establish par values for their currencies, and arbitrageurs use them to help determine when market exchange rates are too high or low (i.e. when currencies are overvalued or undervalued). Most users of PPP calculations assume that the real exchange rate should return to levels dictated by PPP. In reality though, exchange levels clearly do not stabilize at PPP dictated levels. Foreign exchange does exist. While some of that is clearly due to products that lay outside our discussion of PPP, such as goods that are not available in some area, obviously not all of it is. For foreign trade to occur, there has to be a price differential high enough at the destination sufficient to cover shipping, tariffs, financing, insurance, and any other costs involved in transferring goods from one location to another. Not only must price differentials exist, but they also must remain for trade to persist. We will define the real exchange rate, in terms of price levels as:R(t) = P(t)/(S(t)P*(t))And in terms of price indexes as follows:R(t+T) = P(t+T)/P(t) S(t+T)/S(t)P*(t+T)/P*(t)Obviously, when absolute and relative PPP holds true for whichever scenario is under discussion, the real exchange (R(t)) will be equal to one. Despite our previous discussions, however, these exchange differentials are consistent with both purchasing power parity and with the absence of commodity arbitrage opportunities. These price differentials cover the additional costs mentioned above and allow the importer/exporter to reap a nominal profit. For this reason, empirical studies have established that there exist large and continuing deviations of the real exchange rate from LOP. It seems that these deviations embody the cost of trade, and are not arbitrage opportunities. Empirical tests have generally supported this. One positive to this, in terms of the usefulness of LOP is that current deviations from the LOP can be used to forecast future deviations, since these would not be expected to substantially change. .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 , .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .postImageUrl , .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 , .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40:hover , .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40:visited , .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40:active { border:0!important; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40:active , .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40 .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc28e8e838923842efeb293087ff75a40:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Job at Family Dollar EssayConclusionIn conclusion, though the simple law of one price formulation of purchasing power parity we started with obviously does not hold true when the requirements for that theory are stripped away, as in the real world, the concept that the same amount of money should purchase the same amount everywhere does have validity. Any of us who have traveled between countries knows that some goods are more expensive, and some are less expensive in other countries. When we factor in all the variables discussed above, this begins to make sense. It is not logical to pay $1 to ship something from Haiti to America if the price differential is only $0.50. This also obviously does not constitute an arbitrage opportunity.

Art Of Giotto Di Bondone Essay Example For Students

Art Of Giotto Di Bondone Essay Giotto Di Bondone was born around 1267 near Florence, Italy. He was an Italian painter and architect better known as Giotto. He married in 1827 to Ricevuta di Lapo del Pela and had several children together. Its said that he was a very ugly man and that is children were also very plain in appearance. Reconstruction shows him as a very short man with a large head and a hooked nose. It is said that he died on January 8, 1337 in Florence, but as with almost everything else in his life, that is a controversial subject. Giotto is said to have altered the course of painting in Western Europe, striking out of the Gothic and Byzantine styles towards the Renaissance. Giotto was under the apprenticeship of a great Florentine painter named Cimabue, from around the age of 10. Some of this earliest works were for the Dominicans at the Santa Maria Novello, including the Crucifix, which is about 5 meters high and is dated around 1290. Giotto was thought to have worked in Rome from around 1297-1300 and in this time his work became wide spread. His works influenced the start of the Riminese school or Giovanni and Pietro do Rimini. After his time in Rome he went to create some of his most influential work in the Scrovegno Chapel in Padua. The chapel was dedicated to the Annunciation and was heavily decorated with painting s of Gabriel and the Virgin Mary. The was divided into 37 scenes and arranged around the walls, telling the story of Mary. The life of Jesus and the The Last Judgement fills the other spaces. His figures are usually in compressed settings with more natural elements. His work is often set apart from others due to the fact that he placed great emphasis on the human face and their emotions. His paintings created a realism that is unique to others in his time. Of the several artworks that Giotto created, the one that is my favorite would be The Mourning of Christ or Lamentation. This piece of art was painted around 1305 when he was in the chapel in Padua. I think that this artwork is very thoughtful. It shows the Virgin Mary laying over her dead sons body, mourning the death of her son. I think that his artwork is unique in the fact that he places such care in the expression of each character. He also did not forget to place detail on other objects in the artwork, as the dead tree on the hill and the angels flying above head. His artwork shows such life like characteristics, that you can almost place yourself at the location, like feeling the Virgin Marys pain. I think in some of his designs that Giotto was trying to tell a story. I think this particular painting shows several of the principles of design. The contrast used in his paintings to me is unique. And the variety that he brought to it made you pay close attention to the feelings of the bystanders in the painting. His lines seem solid and often three-dimensional. The clothing that is worn by the people have such a life like appearance to them. In the painting of Lamentation there was an illusion of weight as mass. To me the colors that he choose were interesting, as they were natural and not flashy. I would have thought he may have used more defying colors to draw more attention to Christ himself, but instead all was placed on those surrounding him. I really enjoyed looking into Giottos past and paintings. I think that I have a greater understanding of some of his artwork and his life.